Thladiantha hookeri

Thladiantha hookeri C.B.Clarke, Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2(6): 631 (1879).

Thladiantha hookeri C.B.Clarke, Photo by  Dinh Quang Diep

its native range is Bhutan to China (Yunnan) and Indo-China.

Latin name:

Thladiantha hookeri C.B.Clarke 

Family:

Cucurbitaceae Juss..

Synonyms:

Hemsleya tonkinensis Cogn.

Hemsleya trifoliolata Cogn.

Hemsleya yunnanensis Cogn.

Thladiantha digitata H.Lév.

Thladiantha heptadactyla Cogn.

Thladiantha hookeri var. heptadactyla (Cogn.) A.M.Lu & Zhi Y.Zhang

Thladiantha hookeri var. irregularis Chakrav.

Thladiantha hookeri var. pentadactyla (Cogn.) A.M.Lu & Zhi Y.Zhang

Thladiantha pentadactyla Cogn.

Thladiantha trifoliolata (Cogn.) Merr.

Vietnamese name:

Xích bào khác lá, Khố áo.

Chinese name:

异叶赤瓟 - yi ye chi bao

Describtion:

Vines, climbing, herbaceous. Tuber oblate-spheroid. Stems 2-4(-10) m, to 10 mm in diam., much branched, subglabrous. Petiole 3-6 cm, glabrous or puberulent; leaf blade pedately 3-7-foliolate or undivided; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, broadly lanceolate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, median leaflet 6-15 × 1-3 cm, membranous, abaxially subglabrous, adaxially scabrous, margin dentate, apex acuminate. Tendrils filiform, simple, smooth. Male flowers in raceme or solitary; rachis filiform, 2-4 cm, glabrous, ebracteate; pedicel of solitary flowers to 2.5 cm; calyx tube broadly campanulate, 3-4 × 6-7 mm, sparsely pubescent; segments erect, narrowly triangular, ca. 4 × 1.5 mm, 3-veined; corolla segments ovate, 10-12 × ca. 5 mm; filaments 2-3 mm, glabrous; anthers oblong, ca. 2 mm. Female flowers solitary; pedicel filiform, 2-4 cm, at first puberulent, ultimately glabrous; calyx and corolla as in male flowers; calyx segments ca. 10 mm; corolla segments ca. 2 cm; ovary fusiform, 1-2 cm × 2-3 mm, densely yellow-brown pubescent, attenuate at both ends; style ca. 4 mm, 2-fid; stigmas enlarged, ca. 3 mm. Fruit oblong, 4-6 × 2-3 cm, smooth, rounded at both ends. Seeds broadly ovate, 6-7 × ca. 5 mm, smooth, base obtuse-rounded.

Distribution: 

Assam, Bangladesh, China South-Central, East Himalaya, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam (Bidoup Nui Ba National Park).

Ecological:

Forest margins on mountain slopes; 1200-1800 m. 

Cultivation:

Flower times:

Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct.

Type:

Nov 1, 2006 Hooker, J.D. [1703], India K000036903 lectotype

Jun 25, 1980 Henry, A. [12295D], Yunnan K000742820 isotype

Jun 25, 1980 Henry, A. [12295D], Yunnan K000742819 isotype

Chemical and Pharmacology:

A new triterpenoid saponin was isolated from the tubers of Thladiantha hookeri C. B. Clarke var. pentadactyla in a high yield (9.7%). On the basis of chemical and spectral evidence, the structure was determined as β-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-xylopyranosyl ester of 3-O-β-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-glucuronopyranosyl-gypsogenin. 

Parts Used: 

Radix Thladianthae Hookeri.

Uses:

Root tubers are used to treat sore throat, toothache, painful red eyes, bacillus dysentery, hepatitis, urethral infections, boils.

References:

https://www.ipni.org/n/294080-1

http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:294080-1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artocarpus_gomezianus

http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200022738http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Artocarpus+gomezianus

Rui-lin Nie, Takahiro Tanaka, Masazumi Miyakoshi, Ryoji Kasai, Toshinobu Morita, Jun Zhou, Osamu Tanaka, A triterpenoid saponin from Thladiantha hookeri var. pentadactyla, Phytochemistry, Volume 28, Issue 6, 1989, Pages 1711-1715, ISSN 0031-9422, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97830-0.