Atalantia monophylla DC.

"Atalantia monophylla (L.) DC. is a species of plants in the family Rutaceae. They are woody climbers naturally found in tropical regions. Several species in the genus Atalantia monophylla have been used in traditional medicine, such as the Ayurvedic system from India"

Atalantia monophylla (L.) DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 535 (1824).

Atalantia monophylla (L.) DC., Photo by Hoang Thanh Son

its native range is India to Peninsula Malaysia.

Latin name:

Atalantia monophylla (L.) DC.,

Family:

Rutaceae Juss.

Synonyms:

Trichilia spinosa Willd.

Turraea virens Hell.

Atalantia carissoides Wall.

Atalantia floribunda Wight

Atalantia malabarica (Raf.) Yu.Tanaka

Atalantia platystigma Wight

Atalantia puberula Miq.

Atalantia spinosa (Willd.) Yu.Tanaka

Atalantia umbellata M.Roem.

Limonia spinosa Spreng.

Vietnamese name:

Cam rừng, Tiểu quật một lá, Cam núi, Quất rừng.

English:

Wild Lime

Malayalam:

Katunarenga

Others:

Kaduimbi,नटकनार,Indian Atalantia,Kattu Elumeachi

Tamil:

Kattu Elumeachi, Kattunaarangam

Describtion:

Small glabrous armed trees; spines to 2 cm long. Leaves 3-7 x 2-4 cm, ovate or elliptic, base broadly cuneate, margins entire to obscurely undulate, apex obtuse or emarginate, coriaceous; petiole to 1 cm long. Racemes axillary, contracted. Flowers to 1 cm across; pedicels to 1.5 cm long. Calyx irregularly lobed or spathiform, c. 3 mm long. Petals 4 or 5, white, 7-9 x 3-4 mm, obovate. Stamens 8 or 10, unequal, base connate and forming a tube. Ovary 4-5 mm long, oblong, 4-celled; ovule 1 or 2 per cell; style to 3 mm long. Fruit c. 1.5 cm across, globose, yellowish-green, glandular dotted. Seeds few, c. 6 mm long.

Distribution: 

Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Nicobar Is., Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam (Kon Tum, Khánh Hòa, Đồng Nai và Bà Rịa Vũng Tàu).

Ecological:

Coastal scrub jungles, moist or dry deciduous forests..

Flower times:

Flowering: XI-I; Fruiting: 3-5

Type:

Pharmacology:

Essential oil obtained from the leaves collected during May, 2014 had shown more compounds. Antioxidant activity of oil was moderate when compared with positive control. Minimum inhibitory concentration value of oil was ranges between 139.32 ± 0.001 and 541.11 ± 0.003 µg/mL against all the tested bacteria.

Uses:

In VietNam: Treatment of rheumatism (essential oil). Snake bite (Root).

In Bangladesh: Wood is used for cabinet work and furniture. Fruit yields oil, which is used in chronic rheumatism and paralysis.

References:

https://www.ipni.org/n/771414-1

http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771414-1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atalantia_monophylla

https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31059

http://tracuuduoclieu.vn/atalantia-monophylla-dc-correa.html. 

http://bnh-flora.gov.bd/species-description/?id=2214

Thirugnanasampandan, Ramaraj & Gogulramnath, Madhusudhanan & Gunasekar, Ramya. (2015). Chemical composition analysis, antioxidant and antibacterial activity evaluation of essential oil of Atalantia monophylla Correa. Pharmacognosy Research. 10.4103/0974-8490.152009.