EDINBURGH JOURNAL OF BOTANY Page 1 of 7 1 © Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2020)
doi: 10.1017/S0960428620000177
SCAPHOCHLAMYS LONGIPEDUNCULATA, A NEW SPECIES FROM SOUTHERN THAILAND
S. RUCHISANSAKUN1, T. JENJITTIKUL1 & C. MAKNOI2
A new species, Scaphochlamys longipedunculata (Zingiberaceae), is described and illustrated here. It is similar to Scaphochlamys grandis but differs in having 1- or 2-leaved shoots (versus shoots with 5 or more leaves) and peduncle length c.17 cm (versus peduncle length c.7 cm).
Keywords. Scaphochlamys perakensis, Southeast Asia, Zingiberaceae.
INTRODUCTION
Scaphochlamys Baker (Zingiberaceae) consists of about 40 species distributed from Thailand to Borneo and Sumatra (Searle, 2010; Sam et al., 2015; Sam & Ibrahim, 2018). Six species of Scaphochlamys have been reported in Thailand (Larsen, 2001; Jenjittikul & Larsen, 2002): S. biloba (Ridl.) Holttum, S. klossii (Ridl.) Holttum, S. minutiflora Jenjitt. & K.Larsen, S. obcordata Sirirugsa & K.Larsen, S. perakensis Holttum, and S. rubescens Jenjitt. & K.Larsen.
To finish the Flora of Thailand, we studied some specimens and reviewed the literature from Thailand and neighbouring countries, especially Malaysia, the diversity hotspot of this genus (Holttum, 1950; Searle, 2010). We did not find any specimens of Scaphochlamys klossii or S. perakensis, so we decided to exclude these taxa from the treatment of Scaphochlamys in Thailand. The specimen of Scaphochlamys perakensis reported in Maknoi & Sirirugsa (2002) did not match the type specimens and description of that species in Malaysia (Holttum, 1950), or any other species (Holttum, 1950; Searle, 2010). Hence, we describe a new species and illustrate it here.
SPECIES DESCRIPTION
Scaphochlamys longipedunculata Maknoi, Ruchis. & Jenjitt., sp. nov.
Similar to Scaphochlamys grandis Holttum in its large, elliptic leaves, long inflorescence, and large bracts but differs by its 1- or 2-leaved shoots (versus shoots with 5 or more leaves) and peduncle length c.17 cm (versus peduncle length c.7 cm). – Type: Thailand, Narathiwat, Waeng, 2 viii 2000, C. Maknoi T96 (holo QBG, iso QBG). Figs 1–3.
1. 1 Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rachatewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. E-mail for correspondence: s.ruchisansakun@gmail.com
2. 2 Romklao Botanic Garden, Bopak, Chattrakarn, Phitsanulok 65170, Thailand.
F I G . 1 . Scaphochlamys longipedunculata Maknoi, Ruchis. & Jenjitt. A, Flower; B, calyx; C, dorsal corolla lobe; D, lateral corolla lobe; E, lateral staminode; F, labellum; G, stamen (front view); H, stamen (back view); I, bract; J, bracteole; K, habit. Scale bars: A–J, 1 cm; K, 5 cm. Drawn from dried specimens by Saroj Ruchisansakun.
F I G . 2 . Scaphochlamys longipedunculata Maknoi, Ruchis. & Jenjitt.: inflorescence. Photograph taken by Charun Maknoi. Reproduced with permission from the Prince of Songkla University.
Terrestrial perennial herb, c.50 cm tall. Leafy shoot composed of 1 or 2 leaves. Leaves c.55 cm long; leaf sheaths 5–6 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose near ligule, green; ligule bilobed, c.4 mm long, glabrous; petiole 15–17 cm long, pilose; blade elliptic, 30–35 × 11.5–12.5 cm, base cuneate, apex acute, green with pale green patch along midrib, brown or brownish green beneath, glabrous above, pilose below. Inflorescence central, c.24–26 cm long with c.9 flowers per cincinnus; peduncle c.17 cm long, pale green, glabrous; rachis c.6–7 cm, pale green, glabrous; thyrse ovoid, 7–9 × 4–4.5 cm; bracts c.12 per inflorescence, spirally arranged, well-spaced, broadly elliptic, 3–3.5 × 2–2.5 cm, apex acute, margin entire, imbricate, greenish brown, glabrous; bracteoles distichous, obovate, 1.5–2.3 × 0.4–1 cm, inner ones smaller, apex acute. Flowers: floral plane c.3 × 2 cm, floral tube c.3.8 cm long, white; calyx tubular, c.6 mm long, apex shallowly trilobed, split down one side by c.1.5 mm, glabrous; floral tube c.2.5 cm long, glabrous; dorsal corolla lobe oblong, c.1.3 × 0.4 cm, apex acute, glabrous; lateral corolla lobes lanceolate, c.1.1 × 0.3 cm, apex acute, glabrous; lateral staminodes broadly elliptic, c.5 × 2 mm, apex acute, pilose with glandular hairs; labellum ovate, c.1.3 × 0.7 cm, apex bilobed, pilose with glandular hair on adaxial surface; stamen c.5 mm long: filament c.1 mm long; anther 4 × 2 mm; connective pilose with glandular hairs; anther crest shallowly bilobed, 0.5 mm long; ovary cylindrical, 5 mm long. Fruits not seen.
Distribution. Thailand.
Etymology. The specific epithet, longipedunculata, refers to the peduncle, which is long in comparison with that of other Thai species. A long peduncle can also be observed in Scaphochlamys minutiflora, but that species is distinctly different from others in its crisped bracts.
Habit and ecology. Growing near open stream banks in evergreen forest, altitude about 400 m.
Proposed IUCN conservation status. Data Deficient (DD). This species occurs in Narathiwat Province, near the border with Malaysia, where the opportunities for botanical survey work are limited.
Specimen examined. THAILAND. Narathiwat: Waeng, 14 i 2001, A. Augsonkitt A.A.23 (PSU). The morphological differences between Scaphochlamys longipedunculata and similar
species are summarised in the Table.
KEY TO SCAPHOCHLAMYS SPECIES IN THAILAND
1a. Leaf 1 to the shoot __________________________________________________ 2
1b. Leaves 2–6 to the shoot _______________________________________________ 3 2a. Eachbractsubtending1flower____________________________________S.biloba
2b. Each bract subtending 2–4 flowers _____________________________ S. rubescens 3a. Labellummorethan20mmlong,bractslax_______________________S.obcordata
3b. Labellum 5–13 mm long, bracts lax or congested __________________________ 4 4a. Bracts crisped _____________________________________________ S. minutiflora
4b. Bracts entire ________________________________________________________ 5
5a. Peduncle 6–10 cm long, bracts distinctly pouched _________________ S. kunstleri 5b. Peduncle longer than 15 cm long, bracts curved outwards but not distinctly pouched S. longipedunculata
REFERENCES
HOLTTUM , R. E. (1950). The Zingiberaceae of the Malay Peninsula. Gard. Bull. Singapore 13: 1–249. doi: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43592746#page/9/mode/1up
JENJITTIKUL , T. & LARSEN , K. (2002). Two new species of Scaphochlamys (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Nordic J. Bot. 22(1): 35–38. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-1051.2002.tb01616.x
LARSEN , K. (2001). Scaphochlamys obcordata Sirirugsa & Larsen (Zingiberaceae) – topotype in cultivation. Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 29: 40–42. doi: https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ThaiFor- estBulletin/article/view/24883/21166
MAKNOI , S. (2001). Diversity and habitat relationships of Zingiberaceae along Thai–Malaysian border in Yala and Narathiwat provinces. M.Sc. thesis, Prince of Songkla University.
MAKNOI , C. & SIRIRUGSA , P. (2002). New records of Zingiberaceae from Southern Thailand. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 50(2): 225–237. doi: http://www.thaiscience.info/journals/Article/NHB/ 10439430.pdf
SAM , Y. Y. & IBRAHIM , H. (2018). Scaphochlamys disticha (Zingiberaceae), a new species with distichous inflorescence from Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys 99: 85–92. doi: 10.3897/ phytokeys.99.22287
SAM , Y. Y., IBRAHI M , H., SAW , L. G. (2015). Four new species of Scaphochlamys (Zingi- beraceae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Phytotaxa 221(1): 21–34. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.221.1.2 S E A R L E , R. J. (2010). The genus Scaphochlamys (Zingiberaceae – Zingibereae): a compendium for
the field worker. Edinburgh J. Bot. 67(1): 75–121. doi: 10.1017/S0960428609990254 Received 27 April 2020; accepted for publication 22 June 2020; first published
online 13 August 2020
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