Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 299 (1838).
Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC.; Photos Tomoki Sando
Chinese name: 狗头七 gou tou qi
Latin Name: Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC.
Synonym Name: Cacalia bulbosa Lour.; Cacalia maculata Buch.-Ham. ex Steud.; Cacalia purpurascens Wall.; Cacalia sagittaria B.Heyne; Crassocephalum miniatum (Welw.) Hiern; Crassocephalum pseudochina (L.) Kuntze; Gynura annamensis S.Moore; Gynura biflora (Burm.f.) Merr.; Gynura bodinieri Levl.; Gynura bodinieri H.Lév.; Gynura bulbosa (Lour.) Hook. & Arn.; Gynura eximia S.Moore; Gynura integrifolia Gagnep.; Gynura miniata Welw.; Gynura miniata var. miniata; Gynura miniata var. orientalis O.Hoffm.; Gynura nudicaulis Arn.; Gynura purpurascens DC.; Gynura rusisiensis R.E.Fr.; Gynura sagittaria DC.; Gynura sinuata DC.; Gynura somalensis (Chiov.) Cufod.; Gynura variifolia De Wild.; Senecio biflorus Burm.f.; Senecio crassipes H.Lév. & Vaniot; Senecio miniatus (Welw.) Staner; Senecio pseudochina L.; Senecio somalensis Chiov.
Family: Asteraceae
Description: Herbs, perennial, scapigerous, 20-50 cm tall, slightly fleshy. Roots globose or sometimes branched, tuberiform, (1-)2-6 cm in diam., fleshy, with many fibrous roots. Stems erect, 1-3, ascending or creeping, green or purplish, striate when dry, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. Leaves often crowded at base of stem, rosulate; petiole 0.5-3 cm, basally broad, slightly fleshy, not auriculate; blade abaxially often purplish, adaxially green, obovate, spatulate, or elliptic, rarely ovate, 5-18 × 2.5-5 cm, both surfaces sparsely shortly pubescent or ± glabrescent, lateral veins 8-20-paired, to lobes or curved before margins, inconspicuous, base gradually attenuate into petiole, margin pinnatifid, rarely dentate; lobes triangular or ovate-oblong, entire or denticulate, apex obtuse or rather acute. Median or upper leaves reduced, or with 1 or 2 leaflets, shortly petiolate or subsessile; leaflets pinnatilobed, lobes small, both surfaces pubescent. Capitula 1-5, 10-15 mm in diam., terminal, laxly corymbose; peduncles 0.5-4 cm, often with 1 or 2 linear or filiform-linear bracteoles, densely or sparsely pubescent. Involucres campanulate, 10-12 × 8-10 mm; bracts of calyculus 8 or 9, unequal, linear; phyllaries uniseriate, 13, green or purplish, linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 7-12 × ca. 1.5 mm, conspicuously 1-3-ribbed, sparsely shortly pubescent, margin broadly scarious, apically acuminate. Florets yellow to reddish; corolla 10-13 mm, distinctly exceeding involucre, tube 7-9 mm, slender, expanded above; lobes ovate-triangular, apically obtuse. Anthers obtuse at base. Style branch tips conical, papillose. Achenes red-brown, cylindric, 3-4 mm, glabrous or puberulent, 10-ribbed. Pappus hairs numerous, white, 10-12 mm, sericeous, early deciduous. Fl. Apr-Nov. 2n = 20.
Distribution: It is found in Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand; Africa; tropical Africa; cultivated in Indonesia (Java). In Viet Nam, plants grow naturally, often grown in plains and mountainous areas.
Ecological: Sandy places on slopes, forest margins, roadsides; 200-2100 m.
Chemitry:
- phenolic compound such as quercetin 3-rutinoside, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid, and 5- monocaffeoylquinic acid.
- leaves: b-sitosterol and stigmasterol
Pharmacology: Inhibitory activities against alpha-glucosidase and considerable inhibitory effect against PTP1B which correlated for treatment type-2 diabetic.
Poisoning Features: Digitalis-like toxicity such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, hypotension, arrhythmias, hyperkalaemia, agitation, confusion, convulsion, coma and even death.
Uses: Reduce conception, tonic, stop bleeding, detoxify, treat malaria, uterine hemorrhage, menstrual period (Root tubers drink). Stem leaves pounded up acne pimples.
Reference:
- theplantlist.org
- efloras.org
- www3.ha.org.hk
- Ferlinahayati Ferlinahayati, Roby Pahala J Gultom, Herlina Herlina, Eliza Eliza; Steroid Compounds From Gynura pseudochina (Lour) DC; Molekul, Vol. 12. No. 1, Mei 2017 : 8 – 13
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