Artemisia japonica Thunberg, Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 3: 209. 1780.
(Artemisia japonica Thunb.; Photo species.wikimedia.org and flowers.la.coocan.jp)
Latin Name: Artemisia japonica Thunb.
Synonym Name: Artemisia japonica f. japonica; Artemisia japonica subsp. japonica; Artemisia japonica var. japonica; Artemisia japonica var. parviflora (Roxb. ex D.Don) Pamp.; Artemisia parviflora Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.; Oligosporus japonicus (Thunb.) Poljakov
English Name: Japanese Wormwood, Japan Sagebrush
Hindi: Pamasi, Ptee
Nepali: चिन्ती Chyenti
Chinese Name: 牡蒿 mu hao
Vietnamese Name: Ngải nhật, Mẫu cao, Co chả ao (Thái).
Description: Japanese Wormwood is perennial herb, 50-90 cm tall, with solitary or several, branched, almost hairless stems from woody, 1.5-2.5 cm thick, upright rootstock. Basal and lower stem leaves are distinctly wedge-shaped, oblong-obovate to flabellate, 5-8 cm long, coarsely toothed at the tip. Middle and upper stem leaves are mostly basally eared, palmately divided or cut or irregularly cut into linear to narrow laneshaped, 4-15 x about 1 mm, pointed segments. Flower-heads are heterogamous, numerous, short to long stalked, broadly ovate to spherical, 2.5-3 x 1.75-2 mm, nodding in a narrow or wide, 15-20 x 3-15 cm panicle, with almost horizontal or obliquely patent, 3-20 cm long branches. Receptacle is hemispherical, glabrous. Florets are 12-15, yellow. Seed pod is oblanceolate, about 1 mm long, dark brown. Flowering: July-September.
Distribution: Growing in forest edges, forests, open fields, mountain slopes, hills, roadsides and in thickets. Widely distributed in the southern and northern parts of China. The medicinal materials are mainly produced in Jiangsu, Sichuan and etc.
Part Used: Medical part: roots and entire plant. Chinese name: roots: Muhaogen. Entire plant: Duhao.
Harvest & Processing: Roots: excavated, removed soil, well washed and sun-dried. Entire plant: collected in summer and autumn, sun-dried or used fresh.
Chemistry: Aboveground parts contain volatiles, such as spathulenol (12 %), germacrene D (7.5 %), β-elemene (2.8 %), caryophyllene (2.4%), etc, flavonoid and phenolic acids.
Pharmacology: Anti-pathogenic microorganism, antiausterity activities against the PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell line.
Properties & Actions: Root: bitter, little sweet, neutral. Whole plant: bitter, little sweet, cool. Root: removing wind, nourishing yin, expelling parasites and arresting malaria. Entire plant: clearing heat, cooling blood and detoxifying.
Indications & Usage: Root: puerperal cold, rheumatic arthralgia, impairment caused by overstrain and hypodynamia, puffiness, malaria. Whole herb: summer common cold, hectic fever of tuberculosis, empsyxis, infantile malnutrition with fever, non-traumatic hemorrhage, hemafecia, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, leukorrhea, Icteric hepatitis, erysipelas, venomous snake bites. Root: oral administration: decocting, 15-30g. Entire plant: oral administration: decocting, 10-15g, double dose for used fresh. External: appropriate amount, prepared decoction for washing; or used fresh, smashed for application.
Examples:
1. Headache due to common cold in summer: qitouhao 30g. Decoct in water and swallow.
2. Profuse uterine bleeding: Japanese Wormwood 30g, a hen. Stew and remove residues, eat chicken and drink soup.
3. Pyrexia due to catarrhal rhinitis after delivery: root of qitouhao 15g, egg 1. Cook together, drink soup and eat egg.
References
- libproject.hkbu.edu.hk
- efloras.org
- theplantlist
- flowersofindia.net
- Rashmi T.R., Francis Mannancheril, Soumya Murali, Soumya Murali; Essential oil composition of Artemisia japonica Thunb. from Kerala; Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2014; 3(4): 160-163
- Ashraf M. Omar, Dya Fita Dibwe, Ahmed M. Tawila, Sijia Sun, Min Jo Kim & Suresh Awale (2019) Chemical constituents from Artemisia vulgaris and their antiausterity activities against the PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell line, Natural Product Research
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