Artabotrys hexapetalus

Artabotrys hexapetalus (Linnaeus f.) Bhandari, Baileya. 12: 149. 1965.

(Artabotrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari; Photo amazon.co.uk and anthrome.wordpress.com)

Latin Name: Artabotrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari

Family & Genus: Annonaceae, Artabotrys

Synonym Name: Annona hexapetala L.f.; Annona uncinata Lam.; Artabotrys hamatus (Dunal) Blume; Artabotrys intermedius Hassk.; Artabotrys odoratissimus R.Br.; Artabotrys odoratissimus Wight & Arn.; Artabotrys uncata (Lour.) Baill.; Artabotrys uncatus (Lour.) Baill.; Artabotrys uncinatus (Lam.) Merr.; Unona esculenta Dunal; Unona hamata Blume; Unona uncata (Lour.) Dunal; Unona uncinata (Lam.) Dunal; Uvaria esculenta Roxb. ex Rottler; Uvaria hamata Roxb.; Uvaria odoratissima Roxb.; Uvaria sinensis Blanco; Uvaria uncata Lour.

English Name: Eagle’s Claw, Sixpetal Tailgrape, Sixpetal Eagleclaw, Climbing Yiang Yiang, Tail-grape, Hexapetalous Tailgrape, Climbing Ilang Ilang.

India Name: Yakada wel (යකඩ වැල්) / Manorangitham (මනෝරංජිදම්) #

Chinese Name: 鹰爪花 ying zhua hua

Vietnamese Name: Hoa móng rồng; Dây công chúa

Description: Shrubs to 10 m tall, climbing. Branchlets glabrous or glabrescent. Petiole 4-8 mm; leaf blade oblong to broadly lanceolate, 6-16(-25) × 2.5-6(-8) cm, papery, abaxially glabrous or only midvein puberulent, adaxially glabrous, secondary veins 8-16 on each side of midvein and adaxially prominent, base cuneate to acute, apex acuminate to acute. Inflorescences 1- or 2-flowered. Flowers 2.5-3 cm in diam., fragrant. Sepals green, ovate, 5-8 mm, sparsely puberulent. Petals greenish to yellowish, oblong-lanceolate, 3-4.5 × 0.9-1.6 cm, outside basally densely pubescent, contracted nearly to base but basally expanded. Stamens oblong; connectives apically 3-angular. Carpels oblong, glabrous. Monocarps ovoid, 2.5-4 × ca. 2.5 cm, glabrous, apex conspicuously apiculate. Seeds pale brown, 1.5-2 cm, smooth. Flowering: May to August. Fruiting: May to December.

Distribution: Mostly cultivated; rarely wild. Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan and etc.

Part Used: Medical part: root and fruits. Chinese name: roots: Yingzhaohuagen. Fruits:Yingzhaohuaguo.

Harvest & Processing: Roots: excavated throughout the year, used fresh or sun-dried. Fruit: collected mature fruits in autumn, used fresh or sun-dried, powdered.

Chemistry:

- Roots contain alkaloids.

- Seeds contain lignins, such as isoamericanin A, isoamericaninol A and americanin B, etc.

- Leaves: Flavonoid: artabotryside-A, taxifolin, 7-O-glucoluteolin, apigenin-7-O-apiosyl(1-->2) glycoside, quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside and kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside. Organic acid: succinic and fumaric acid.

Pharmacology: Anti-malaria, antimicrobial activity.

Properties & Actions: Root: bitter, cold. Fruits: pungent, little bitter, little cold. Fruit: clearing heat, detoxifying and dissipating stasis.

Indications & Usage: Root: malaria. fruits: scrofula. Root: oral administration: decocting, 10-20g, taken 2 hours before malaria. Fruit: external: appropriate amount, smashed or powdered, mixed with yellow wine for application.

References

- libproject.hkbu.edu.hk

- efloras.org

- theplantlist

- Li T, Yu J., Studies on the chemical constituents of the leaves from Artabotrys hexapetalus. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 1998 Aug;33(8):591-6.

- k.m. Sowjanyak.m., J SwathiKumara, NarendraKumara, NarendraShow; Extraction and antimicrobial potential of secondary plant metabolites from Artabotrys hexapetalus (linn. F.) Bhandari,  2013 International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 4(5):764-768