Dendrobium crumenatum

Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz, J. Bot. (Schrader). 2: 237. 1799.

 (Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz: Photo Anh Hoang)

(Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz: Photo Sa Huỳnh Phan)

Vietnamese name: Hoàng thảo Bạch câu, tuyết mai, thạch hộc, bạch câu, hoàng thảo củ, lan củ khóm

Chinese Name: 木石斛 mu shi hu

Common Name: The Purse-Shaped Dendrobium - The Pigeon Orchid - The Bag-Shaped Dendrobium [refers to the saccate mentum]

Thailand Name: Ueang Mali - Wai Tamoi

Latin Name: Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz

Family: Orchidaceae

Synonym Name: Aporum crumenatum (Sw.) Brieger; Aporum ephemerum (J.J.Sm.) Rauschert; Aporum kwashotense (Hayata) Rauschert; Aporum papilioniferum (J.J.Sm.) Rauschert; Callista crumenata (Sw.) Kuntze; Ceraia ephemera (J.J.Sm.) M.A.Clem.; Ceraia papilionifera (J.J.Sm.) M.A.Clem.; Ceraia parviflora (Ames & C.Schweinf.) M.A.Clem.; Ceraia saaronica (J.Koenig) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones; Ceraia simplicissima Lour.; Dendrobium caninum (Burm.f.) Merr.; Dendrobium ceraia Lindl.; Dendrobium crumenatum var. parviflorum Ames & C.Schweinf.; Dendrobium ephemerum (J.J.Sm.) J.J.Sm.; Dendrobium kwashotense Hayata; Dendrobium papilioniferum J.J.Sm.; Dendrobium papilioniferum var. ephemerum J.J.Sm.; Dendrobium schmidtianum Kraenzl.; Dendrobium simplicissimum (Lour.) Kraenzl.; Epidendrum caninum Burm.f.; Epidendrum ceraia Raeusch.; Epidendrum saaronicum J.Koenig; Onychium crumenatum (Sw.) Blume

Description: Stems slightly compressed, cylindric, 40-70 cm, upper part slender, with 3 or 4 internodes dilated and fusiform above base, dilated portion of stem to 2 cm in diam., often with longitudinal ridges. Leaves distichous on middle part of stem, ovate-oblong, ca. 6 × 2.5 cm, leathery, with clasping sheaths at base, apex obtuse and unequally bilobed. Inflorescences arising from distal leafless part of stem, usually solitary; floral bracts elliptic, ca. 6 × 2.5 mm. Pedicel and ovary pale red, ca. 15 mm. Flowers lasting for 1 day, initiated 9 days after a rapid temperature drop, strongly fragrant, spreading; sepals and petals white or sometimes tipped pink, lip white, keels yellow, column and anther cap white. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, 17-22 × ca. 5 mm, slightly obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely ovate-lanceolate, slightly larger than dorsal sepal; mentum narrowly conic, to 15 mm. Petals obovate-oblong, 17-20 × to 7 mm, subacute; lip 24-25 × 13-18(or more) mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, subobovate, subtruncate; mid-lobe obovate, ca. 12 × 10 mm, margin crenulate and crisped, mucronate; disk with 5 keeled ridges with denticulate margin. Column ca. 3 mm.

Distribution: Found in Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Lesser Sunda Islands, Moluccas, Sulawesi, Sumatra, New Guinea, Christmas Islands and the Philippines. In Viet Nam: Kon Tum, Khánh Hòa Nha Trang, Cà Ná, Phan Rang - Tháp Chàm, Đắc Lắk, Đồng Nai, Phú Quốc.

Ecological: dry lowland forests and savana-like woodlands at an altitude of sealevel to 500 meters.

Uses: Tonic, kidney pain, back pain (whole tree) Cure epilepsy, pimples (Leaves).

Reference:

theplantlist.org

efloras.org

orchidspecies.com