Actinidia kolomikta

Actinidia kolomikta (Maxim. Rupr.) Maxim.

(Actinidia kolomikta (Maxim. Rupr.) Maxim.; Photo amkhaseed.com and gardeningexpress.co.uk)

Latin Name: Actinidia kolomikta (Maxim. Rupr.) Maxim.

Family: Actinidiaceae; Genus: Actinidia

Synonym Name: Actinidia gagnepainii Nakai; Actinidia kolomikta var. gagnepainii (Nakai) H.L.Li; Actinidia longicauda F.Chun       ; Kalomikta mandshurica Regel; Prunus kolomikta Maxim. & Rupr.; Trochostigma kolomikta (Maxim. & Rupr.) Rupr.

English Name: Kolomikta-vine Actinidia, Kolomikta-vined Actinidia, Kolomikta Kiwifruit, Kolomikta-vine.

Chinese name: 狗枣猕猴桃 gou zao mi hou tao

Vietnamese Name: kiwi vàng

Description: Climbing shrubs, large, deciduous. Branchlets glabrous, lenticels inconspicuous to subconspicuous when young, conspicuous when old; pith brown, lamellate. Petiole yellowish white to reddish brown, 2.5-5 cm, sparsely pubescent to glabrous; leaf blade broadly ovate to oblong-ovate or oblong-obovate, 6-15 × 5-10 cm, membranous to thinly papery, abaxially glabrous to subglabrous, sometimes barbate at vein axils, adaxially sparsely strigillose, midvein and lateral veins distinct and raised abaxially, slender, inconspicuous adaxially, lateral veins 6-8 pairs, veinlets reticulate, inconspicuous on both surfaces to subconspicuous abaxially, base cordate, occasionally rounded to truncate, equal or oblique, margin serrate to biserrate, apex acute to abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences cymose, 1-3-flowered; peduncles 0.8-1.2 cm, very slender; pedicels 4-10 mm, glabrous to yellowish brown tomentose; bracts linear, minute. Flowers pink or white. Sepals 5, ovate to oblong-ovate, 4-6 mm, glabrous, margin ciliate, apex acute. Petals 5 or 6, obovate, 6-10 mm. Filaments 3-6 mm; anthers yellow, oblong, 2-2.5 mm, sagittate at base. Ovary globose, ca. 3 mm, glabrous. Fruit pale orange when mature, ovoid, 2-2.5 cm, glabrous, lenticels absent; sepals caducous. Seeds ca. 2 mm. Flowering: May to June; fruiting: August to September.

Distribution: Growing in mountain forests at altitude 1,600-3,500m or thickets. Distributed in Northeast China, Hebei, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and etc. The medicinal materials are mainly produced in Northeast China, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hubei, Sichuan and Yunnan.

Part Used: Medical part: fruits. Chinese name: Gouzaomihoutao.

Harvest & Processing: Harvested In autumn and sun-dried.

Chemistry: delta 7-stigmasterol and II was named alpha-kolomiktriose and elucidated as 2, 3-di-0-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-alpha-D-galactopyranose

Pharmacology: Immunity-enhancing. Antioxidant, antitumor activities (water extracts from the root of Actinidia kolomikta)

Properties & Actions: Sour, sweet, neutral. Nourishing and strengthening body.

Indications & Usage: Vitamin C deficiency. Oral administration: decocting, 9-15g.

References

- libproject.hkbu.edu.hk

- efloras.org

- theplantlist

- P Li, A Lu, B Ma, J Wei; Chemical constituents of Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr. Et Maxim.) Planch; Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi;1992 Jul;17(7):420-1, 446.

- Zhenya Zhang Yingnan Yang Norio Sugiura Honghai  Hu Guoqing Xing Jiqiang Liu Xiaoyan Zu Ying Zhang; Antioxidant and antitumor activities of water extracts from the root of Actinidia kolomikta; Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine;  January 2011, Volume 2 Issue 1, Pages: 33-39