Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet

Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet 

Latin Name: Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet

Family: Malvaceae; Genus: Abutilon

Synonym Name: Abutilon albidum (Willd.) Sweet; Abutilon album Hill; Abutilon arborescens Medik.; Abutilon asiaticum (L.) Sweet; Abutilon asiaticum var. subasperum Fosberg; Abutilon asiaticum var. supraviride Fosberg; Abutilon australe var. malvifolium (Benth.) Baker f.; Abutilon cavaleriei H.Lév.; Abutilon croizatianum Moscoso; Abutilon cunninghamii Benth.; Abutilon cysticarpum Hance ex Walp.; Abutilon elongatum Moench; Abutilon frutescens Medik.; Abutilon grandiflorum G.Don; Abutilon grandiflorum var. iringense Verdc.; Abutilon hirsutissimum Moench; Abutilon indicum var. albidum (Willd.) Baker f.; Abutilon indicum var. asiaticum (L.) Griseb.; Abutilon indicum var. indicum; Abutilon indicum var. microphyllum Hochr.; Abutilon indicum var. populifolium (Lam.) Wight & Arn. ex Mast; Abutilon indicum var. populifolium (Lam.) Wight & Arn.; Abutilon indicum var. welwitschii Baker f.; Abutilon leiospermum Griseb.; Abutilon malvifolium (Benth.) J.M.Black; Abutilon oxycarpum var. malvifolium Benth.; Abutilon populifolium (Lam.) Sweet; Abutilon pubescens (Cav.) Urb.; Abutilon subpapyraceum Hochr.; Abutilon vesicarium (Cav.) Sweet; Beloere cistiflora Shuttlew. ex A.Gray; Sida albida Willd.; Sida asiatica L.

Chinese name: whole plant: Mopancao. Seeds: Mopancaozi. Roots: Mopangen. 磨盘草 mo pan cao

Vietnamese name: Cây cối xay, cây dằng xay, kim hoa thảo, ma mãnh cháo, nhĩ hương thảo

English Name: India Abutilon, Indian Abutilon, Kanska, Country Mallow, Country mellow, Indian Abutilon, Moon flower

Assamese Name: Japapetari, Jopa bondha

Bengali Name: পোটারী Potari

Hin Name: Atibala, Itawari, Kanghi, Tara kanchi, Jhili

Hindi Name: कंघी Kanghi

Irula Name: Suluku poo

Kannada Name: Hetutti, Tutti, Urki, Hettukisu, Shrimudri, Gidutingi

Malayalam Name: വെല്ലുരമ് Velluram

Marathi Name: पेटारी Petari

Others: Kattooran, Ooram, Thutthi, Indian Mallow, Country Mallow, Velluram, Abutilon, Indian Abutilon

Tamil Name: Paniyaratutti, Ottututti, Kakkati, Tuttikkirai, Thuthi

Telugu Name: Tuturabenda, Botlabenda, Nugoobenda, Thellabenda, Adavibenda, Dudi

Mal Name: Pettekaputti, Katuram, Tuvatti, Tatta, Velluram, Belocre

Description: Herbs subshrublike, annual or perennial, erect, many branched, 1-2.5 m, entire plant gray puberulent. Stipules subulate, 1-2 mm, curved outward; petiole 2-4 cm, gray puberulent and sparsely hairy, hairs silklike, ca. 1 mm; leaf blade ovate-orbicular or nearly orbicular, 3-9 × 2.5-7 cm, densely gray stellate puberulent, base cordate, margin irregularly serrate, apex acute or acuminate. Flowers solitary, axillary, 2-2.5 cm in diam. Pedicel ca. 4 cm, articulate near apex, gray stellate puberulent. Calyx green, disk-shaped, 6-10 mm in diam., densely gray puberulent, lobes 5, broadly ovate, apex acute. Corolla uniformly yellow; petals 7-8 mm. Staminal column stellate scabrous. Ovary 15-20-loculed. Fruit black, flat topped, ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; mericarps 15-20, apex acute, slightly awned, long stellate scabrous. Seeds reniform, sparsely stellate. Flowering: July to October. Fruiting: October to December.

Distribution: Growing in plains, seasides, sand ground, open fields, slopes, river valleys or roadsides. Distributed in Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Hainan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and Sichuan. The medicinal materials are mainly produced in Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian.

Part Used: Medical part: whole plant, seeds and roots.

Harvest & Processing: Whole plant: harvested in summer and autumn, cut into pieces and sun-dried. Seeds: harvested in Winter when fruits are mature, sun-dried, knocked the seeds and sun-dried. Roots: excavated in April, well washed, sliced and sun-dried.

Chemistry: Whole plant contains alantolactone, isoalantolactone, gallic acid. Aboveground parts contain leucine, histidine, threonine, vanillic acid, coumaric acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, fumaric acid, fructose, galactose, mucilage and C₂₂-C₄₄ alkane. Also containβ-pinene, caryophellene, cineole, geraniol, elemene, farnesol, and volatiles like borneol, β-pinene, caryophellene, cineole, geraniol, elemene, farnesol, and volatiles like borneol. Seeds contain tall oil fatty acid and sitosterol, raffinose. Roots contain β-sitosterol, β-amyrin), alkaloid and fat.

Pharmacology: diuretic, hepatoprotiective, hypoglycemic, immuno modulatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, anti- malarial, wound healing and anti-diarrheal activities.

Properties & Actions:  Whole plant: taste sweet, tasteless, cool in nature. Seeds: taste pungent, sweet, and cold in nature. Root: taste sweet, tasteless, and neutral in nature. Whole plant: dispersing wind and heat, reducing phlegm and arresting cough, detumescence and detoxifying. Seeds: orifice opening, disinhibiting dieresis and clearing heat-toxin. Roots: clearing heat and dampness, orifice opening and quickening blood.

Indications & Usage: Whole herb: used for cold, pyrexia, cough, diarrhea, otitis media, deafness, pharyngitis, urinary tract infection, ulcerative carbuncle and abscess, injury from falls. Whole plant: oral administration: decocting, 30-60g; or stewed with meat. External application: appropriate amount, or decocted for fumigating and washing. Seeds: oral administration: powdered, 1-3g. Roots: oral administration: decocting, 9-15g. External application: appropriate amount, applied in smashed form or boiled in water, for fumigating and washing.

Examples:     

Whole herb:

1. Otodynia, deafness: India abutilon 60g. Decoct with an appropriate amount of lean meat.

2. Otitis media: India abutilon 30-60g, caiergen 15g, dried cuttlefish 1. Eat after cooked in water.

Seeds:

1. Dysentery with red and white feces: India abutilon seeds, parch and grind into powder. 3g each time, 3 times a day, swallow with honey soup before meals.

2. Anthracia: Indian abutilon seeds 3g. Grind into powder, and swallow with boiled water.

Roots:

1. Haemorrhoids. India abutilon root 150g. Decoct heavily in water, and take approximately 1 tea cup, the rest decoction is used to fumigate anus when it is hot, and wash anus when it is warm. Fumigate 5 to 6 times each day.

2. Urinary tract infection: India abutilon root 10-15g. Decoct in water for oral dose.

References

Chinese Medicinal Material Images Database

efloras.org

Theplantlist

Mr. T. Shekshavali, Dr. S. Roshan; A Review on Pharmacological Activities of Abutilon indicum (Atibala); Res. J. Pharmacology & Pharmacodynamics.2016; 8(4): 171-174.