Pterocarya stenoptera C. D C.

Pterocarya stenoptera C. D C.

Photo  alchetron.com

Latin Name: Pterocarya stenoptera C. D C.

Family: Juglandaceae

Genus: Pterocarya

Synonym Name: Acer mairei H. Léveillé; Pterocarya chinensis Lavallee; Pterocarya esquirolii H. Léveillé; Pterocarya japonica Lavallee; Pterocarya laevigata Lavallée; Pterocarya stenoptera var. brevialata Pampanini; Pterocarya stenoptera var. kouitchensis Franchet; Pterocarya stenoptera var. sinensis Graebner.

English Name: Chinese Winged Nut, Chinese Ash, China Wingnut

Chinese name: bark: Fengliupi. Leaves: Maliuye. 枫杨 feng yang

Vietnamese name: Cơi, lá ngón, lá cơi, Mạy slam (Thái)

Description: Trees to 30 m tall. Leaves even-pinnate, rarely odd-pinnate, 8-16(-25) cm; petiole 2-6.5 cm, sparsely pubescent; rachis often winged or sometimes only ridged or sulcate on some leaves, sparsely pubescent to tomentose; leaflets (6-)11-21(-25), sessile, long elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 8-12 × 2-3 cm, abaxially slightly pubescent, base oblique, cuneate or broadly cuneate, apex obtuse or acute. Fruiting spike 20-45 cm, axis pubescent at first but becoming nearly glabrous. Nutlets long ellipsoid, 6-7 mm, slightly pubescent to glabrescent; wings linear, 1.2-2.5 × 3-6 mm. Flowering: April to May, fruiting: August to September.

Distribution: Growing on stream beaches of plains at altitude below 1,500m, or in dank montane or spinney. Distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Jiangsu, Guizhou, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi and Sichuan. The medicinal materials are mainly produced in North and South China, etc.

Part Used: Medical part: bark, leaves, fruits, roots or velamen.

Harvest & Processing: Bark: stripped bark in summer and autumn, used fresh or sundried. Leaves: picked in summer and autumn when flourishing and used fresh.

Chemistry: Leaves contain vitamines C and tannin. Leaves contain essential: 39 constituents accounting for the total 90.44% of the oil were identified. The main constituents were δ-cadinene (24.83%), caryophyllene oxide (9.10%), α-cadinol (7.48%) and β-elemene (6.24%).

Pharmacology: The essential oil was found to show broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against all the tested microorganisms. Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive strain with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.23 mg/mL.

Properties & Actions: Bark: pungent bitter, warm. Mild-toxic. Leaves: bitter, warm. Toxic. Bark: dispelling pathogenic wind for suppressing pains, destroying parasites, closing sores. Leaves: dispelling pathogenic wind for suppressing pains, destroying parasites for suppressing itching, detoxifying for closing sores.

Indications & Usage: Bark: rheumatism and numbness, osteodynia due to cold hygrosis, odontia, cranial wounds, hemorrhoids, sarcoptidosis, scalding injuries, non-healing ulcers. Leaves: chronic bronchitis, arthralgia, superficial infections, furuncles, scabies and wind itching, dermatitidis and eczema, scalding and burns. Bark: external application: appropriate amount, decocted for mouth rinse or for fumigating and washing, or steeped in alcohol for spread; toxic, not for oral administration. Leaves: external application: appropriate amount, decocted for washing, steeped in alcohol for spread or smashed for applying.

Examples      

1. Prurigo: Chinese wingnut leaf, tomato, groundsel, willow twig. Decoct in water and wash the outside.

2. Toothache: Chinese wingnut leaf, pestle and stuff onto the affected lesions, or hold the medicine inside the mouth.

References

Chinese Medicinal Material Images Database

efloras.org

Theplantlist

Yin C, Sun F, Rao Q, Zhang Y; Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocarya stenoptera C. DC.; Nat Prod Res. 2019 Mar 28:1-4. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1587426.