Paphiopedilum × tamphianum AVER. et O. GRUSS-A new natural slipper orchid hybrid from southern Vietnam

Paphiopedilum × tamphianum AVER. et O. GRUSS-A new natural slipper orchid hybrid from southern Vietnam

Die Orchidee 2(2), 2016/E-Paper Inhalt

Olaf Gruß, In der Au, 83224 Grassau Der Autor ist Verfasser von Büchern und zahlreichen Artikeln, auch für unsere Zeitschrift

Leonid V. Averyanov Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Prof. Popov Str. 2 St. Petersburg, Russland

Der Autor ist Botaniker und arbeitet seit vielen Jahren an der Erforschung der Orchideen flora in Vietnam und Laos. Er publizierte eine Vielzahl von wissenschaftlichen Artikeln und beschrieb zahlreiche neue Arten.

Key words: Paphiopedilum × tamphianum AVER. et O. GRUSS, Paphiopedilum villosum var. annamense, Paphiopedilum gratrixianum var. gratrixianum, neue Naturhybride, Südvietnam

The formation of natural hybrids between related species of Paphiopedilum Sect. Paphiopedilum particularly from socalled Paphiopedilum insigne complex in Vietnam is not too rare (AVERyANOV et al., 2003). At least fi ve taxa originated from eastern Indochina are recognized presently as natural hybrids in limits of Paphiopedilum Subgenus Paphiopedilum. Among them such plants well known in ornamental horticulture as Paphiopedilum × affine De WILD., Paphiopedilum × aspersum AVER., Paphiopedilum × cribbii AVER., Paph. × dalatense AVER. and the very often also seen as distinct species Paphiopedilum × herrmannii FUCHS et REISINGER1) (AVERyANOV, 2001, 2006; SENNIKOV, 2002; AVERyANOV et al., 2003). One more natural hybrid collected in nature and undoubtedly originated from crossing of Paphiopedilum villosum (var. annamense) and Paphiopedilum gratrixianum (var. gratrixianum) has occasionally been observed in private collections of Dalat City since 2003. Beside well recognizable appearance and bright individuality, it was not ever formally described as a true natural hybrid. We are here fi lling this taxonomic omission.

Paphiopedilum × tamphianum Aver. et O. Gruss nspec. nov. (Paph. villosum var. annamense × Paph. gratrixianum var. gratrixianum)

Discovered in southern Vietnam “collected in 2003 by Nguyen Phi TAM, s. n., in Khanh Hoa province, Khanh Vinh district”.

Type prepared from specimens cultivated by Nguyen Phi TAM in private garden in Dalat City (“3rd December 2015, N.P. TAM, L. AVERyANOV, T. MAISAK”) - LE (holotype)

Paratype: Plant originated from Lam Dong province area, cultivated in Dalat City, coll. N.V. Duy 1547, 30 March 2016 – Herbarium of Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientifi c Research of Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology.

Description:

Lithophytic or occasionally terrestrial or epiphytic herb forming more or less large clumps. Leaves distichous, arcuate, (3)4-6(7), oblong lanceolate, acute at minutely tridentate apex, up to 30 cm long, 2-3(3.5) cm wide, uniform green, heavily spotted with dirty purple-violet on underside near the base. Infl orescence suberect to arcuate, 1-fl owered; peduncle (10)12-18(22) cm long, green, fi nely spotted with purple, covered with brownish-purple (or sometimes whitish) hairs; bract elliptic, obtuse, (3)3.5-4(4.5) cm long, (0.8)1-1.2(1.4) cm wide, green, spotted with purple-violet, sub glabrous. Flower (7)7.5-8(9) cm across; dorsal sepal white, in center light brownish or greenish, with numerous glossy deep maroon spots; uniform light greenish to almost white; petals glossy light brown or pinkish-brown, sometimes yellow-brown along lower portion; lip glossy, ochre-pinkish to light brown or pale yellowish; staminode light yellow, with a yellow-brown or green central umbo. Pedicel and ovary triangular in cross-section, (3)3.5-4(4.5) cm long, light-green, densely covered with whitish to purplish short hairs. Dorsal sepal obovate to broadly obovate, obtuse, 4.5-5.5(6) cm long, (3)3.5-4(4.5) cm wide, with more or less refl exed basal margins, shortly white pubescent outside. Synsepal more or less adpressed to ovary, ovate elliptic, obtuse, (3)3.5-4(4.5) cm long, (1.6)2-2.4(2.6) cm wide, shortly white pubescent on outside. Petals incurved, narrowly obovate spatulate, obtuse to almost rounded at apex, rarely retuse-emarginate, (4.5)5-6(7) cm long, (1.5)1.8-2.4(2.6) cm wide, glossy, minutely ciliate, purple-villose at base. Lip goblet-shaped, tapering to apex, (3.2)3.8-4.2(4.6) cm long, (2.2)2.5-3(3.5) cm wide. Staminode obcordate obovate, truncate, obscurely 3-lobate and obtuse at the apex, (1)1.2-1.4(1.5) cm long, 8-10 mm wide, glossy papillose, purple-violet hairy in basal half, with a central glossy umbo.

Blütenvariationen bei am Standort gesammelten Pfl anzen von Paphiopedilum × tamphianum AVER. et O. GRUSS., Südvietnam,

Lam Dong Provinz, Region Dalat City, 2005, L. Averyanov, s. n.

Etymology. Species name refers to the name of its discoverer and orchid enthusiast Mr. Nguyen Phi TAM.

Habitat, phenology and conservation status: Lithophytic, occasionally terrestrial or epiphytic herb. Primary broadleaved evergreen montane forests. (1200)1400–1800(2000) m. Fl. December - March. Very rare. Estimated IuCN Red List status – DD2).

Distribution: Southern Vietnam (Khanh Hoa and Lam Dong provinces). May be also certainly found in eastern Laos and northeastern Cambodia.

Additional studied specimens (paratypes); Southern Vietnam, Lam Dong province, Dalat City area, 2005 L. AVERy-ANOV s. n. Southern Vietnam, Khanh Hoa province, Khanh Vinh district, December 3, 2015, N. P. TAM, L. AVERyANOV, T. MAISAK. Southern Vietnam, Khanh Hoa province, Khanh Vinh district, March 30, 2016, N. P. TAM, s. n.

Notes: Described natural hybrid well shares morphological features of parental species. It has somewhat compact habit with rather broad, suberect or almost horizontally spreading leaves, short peduncle and petals distinctly yellowish along lower portion rather typical for Paphiopedilum villosum (LINDL.) STEIN var. annamense ROLFE and heavily spotted median sepal with light brownish or greenish center, as well as short indumentum and heavy violet spotting of leaf base observed in Paphiopedilum gratrixianum (MAST.) ROLFE var. gratrixianum. Newly described hybrid was commonly observed as epiphytic plant in evergreen broad-leaved mountain forests. It was said that in most humid conditions of highlands it also grows occasionally as lithophytic or even terrestrial plant. It is noticeable that the new hybrid was discovered in the area of Central Highlands along tops of Truong Son Range (Annamese Range) where both parental species meet physically in similar habitats. At the same time Paphiopedilum villosum is much more common in very humid habitats of eastern Truong Son slopes, while Paph. gratrixianum prefers more dry conditions of western slopes partially coming to Laos and Cambodia.

The artificial hybrid of both species was registered 1995 as Paphiopedilum Trixivil by Dr. Doug PuLLEy, California.

Literatur/References:

AVERyANOV, L. V. (2001): New natural interspecifi c hybrid-Paphiopedilum × dalatense from Vietnam; Orchid Digest 65(3):133-134

AVERyANOV, L. V. (2006): Paphiopedilum × cribbii (Paph. appletonianum × Paph. villosum), new natural hybrid from the territory of southern Vietnam; Orchids 75(6):457-461

AVERyANOV, L. V.; CRIBB, P.; LOC, P. K.; HIEP, N. T. (2003): Slipper Orchids of Vietnam. With an Introduction to the Flora of Vietnam; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew:308 p

SENNIKOV, A. N. (2002): Miscellaneous nomenclatural notes (I); Komarovia 2:85-96