Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome
Alpiniae Officinari Rhizoma
Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome is
the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance
(Zingiberaceae).
Description:
Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome is
a slightly curved and cylindrical rhizome, sometimes branched; 2.8 cmin length,
6 . 15 mmin diameter; externally red-brown to dark brown with fine striped
lines, grayish white nodes and several traces of rootlet; hard to break;
fracture surface, light brown in color and thickness of cortex is approximately
the same as that of stele.
Odor, characteristic; taste,
extremely pungent.
Under a microscope, transverse
section reveals epidermal cells often containing resin-like substances; cortex,
endodermis and stele present beneath the epidermis; cortex and stele divided by
endodermis; vascular bundles surrounded by fibers, scattered throughout the
cortex and stele, cortex and stele composed of parenchyma interspersed with oil
cells; parenchymatous cells containing solitary crystals of calcium oxalate and
starch grains, starch grains generally simple (sometimes 2- to 8-compound),
ovate, oblong or narrowly ovate, 10 . 40 mm in diameter and with an eccentric navel.
Identification:
To 0.5 g of pulverized Alpinia
Officinarum Rhizome add 5 mL of acetone, shake for 5 minutes, and filter.
Perform the test with the filtrate as directed under Thin-layer Chromatography <2.03>. Spot 5 mL of the
filtrate on a plate of silica gel for thin-layer chromatography, develop the
plate with a mixture of cyclohexane, ethyl acetate and acetic acid (100)
(12:8:1) to a distance of about 10 cm, and air-dry the plate: two yellow-brown
spots appear at an Rf value between 0.4 and 0.5.
Purity:
(1) Heavy metals. Proceed with 3.0 g of pulverized Alpinia
Officinarum Rhizome according to Method 3, and perform the test. Prepare the
control solution with 3.0 mL of Standard Lead Solution (not more than 10 ppm).
(2) Arsenic. Prepare the test solution with 0.40 g of pulverized
Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome according to Method 4, and perform the test (not
more than 5 ppm).
Loss on drying:
Not more than 15.0z (6 hours).
Total ash:
Not more than 7.5z.
Acid-insoluble ash:
Not more than 1.5z.
Extract content:
Dilute ethanol-extract: not
less than 14.0z.
Containers and storage:
Containers.Well-closed containers.
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